special

Ansible命令模块

命令模块

序号 模块名 英文解释 中文说明
1 command Executes a command on a remote node 在远程节点上执行一个命令
2 expect Executes a command and responds to prompts —
3 raw Executes a low-down and dirty SSH command —
4 script Runs a local script on a remote node after transferring it —
5 shell Execute commands in nodes —
6 telnet Executes a low-down and dirty telnet command —

示例

command

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- name: return motd to registered var
  command: cat /etc/motd
  register: mymotd

- name: Run the command if the specified file does not exist.
  command: /usr/bin/make_database.sh arg1 arg2 creates=/path/to/database

# You can also use the 'args' form to provide the options.
- name: This command will change the working directory to somedir/ and will only run when /path/to/database doesn't exist.
  command: /usr/bin/make_database.sh arg1 arg2
  args:
    chdir: somedir/
    creates: /path/to/database

- name: safely use templated variable to run command. Always use the quote filter to avoid injection issues.
  command: cat {{ myfile|quote }}
  register: myoutput

expect

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- name: Case insensitve password string match
  expect:
    command: passwd username
    responses:
      (?i)password: "MySekretPa$$word"

- name: Generic question with multiple different responses
  expect:
    command: /path/to/custom/command
    responses:
      Question:
        - response1
        - response2
        - response3

raw

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- name: Bootstrap a legacy python 2.4 host
  raw: yum -y install python-simplejson

- name: Bootstrap a host without python2 installed
  raw: dnf install -y python2 python2-dnf libselinux-python

- name: Run a command that uses non-posix shell-isms (in this example /bin/sh doesn't handle redirection and wildcards together but bash does)
  raw: cat < /tmp/*txt
  args:
    executable: /bin/bash

- name: safely use templated variables. Always use quote filter to avoid injection issues.
  raw: "{{package_mgr|quote}} {{pkg_flags|quote}} install {{python_simplejson|quote}}"

script

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# Example from Ansible Playbooks
- script: /some/local/script.sh --some-arguments 1234

# Run a script that creates a file, but only if the file is not yet created
- script: /some/local/create_file.sh --some-arguments 1234
  args:
    creates: /the/created/file.txt

# Run a script that removes a file, but only if the file is not yet removed
- script: /some/local/remove_file.sh --some-arguments 1234
  args:
    removes: /the/removed/file.txt

shell

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- name: Execute the command in remote shell; stdout goes to the specified file on the remote.
  shell: somescript.sh >> somelog.txt

- name: Change the working directory to somedir/ before executing the command.
  shell: somescript.sh >> somelog.txt
  args:
    chdir: somedir/

# You can also use the 'args' form to provide the options.
- name: This command will change the working directory to somedir/ and will only run when somedir/somelog.txt doesn't exist.
  shell: somescript.sh >> somelog.txt
  args:
    chdir: somedir/
    creates: somelog.txt

- name: Run a command that uses non-posix shell-isms (in this example /bin/sh doesn't handle redirection and wildcards together but bash does)
  shell: cat < /tmp/*txt
  args:
    executable: /bin/bash

- name: Run a command using a templated variable (always use quote filter to avoid injection)
  shell: cat {{ myfile|quote }}

# You can use shell to run other executables to perform actions inline
- name: Run expect to wait for a successful PXE boot via out-of-band CIMC
  shell: |
    set timeout 300
    spawn ssh admin@{{ cimc_host }}

    expect "password:"
    send "{{ cimc_password }}\n"

    expect "\n{{ cimc_name }}"
    send "connect host\n"

    expect "pxeboot.n12"
    send "\n"

    exit 0
  args:
    executable: /usr/bin/expect
  delegate_to: localhost

telnet

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- name: send configuration commands to IOS
  telnet:
    user: cisco
    password: cisco
    login_prompt: "Username: "
    prompts:
      - "[>|#]"
    commands:
      - terminal length 0
      - configure terminal
      - hostname ios01

- name: run show commands
  telnet:
    user: cisco
    password: cisco
    login_prompt: "Username: "
    prompts:
      - "[>|#]"
    commands:
      - terminal length 0

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