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| #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include <string.h>
void swap(int* a, int* b) { int temp = *a; *a = *b; *b = temp; }
int partition_lomuto(int arr[], int low, int high) { int pivot = arr[high]; int i = low - 1; for (int j = low; j < high; j++) { if (arr[j] < pivot) { i++; swap(&arr[i], &arr[j]); } } swap(&arr[i + 1], &arr[high]); return i + 1; }
int partition_hoare(int arr[], int low, int high) { int pivot = arr[low]; int i = low - 1; int j = high + 1; while (1) { do { i++; } while (arr[i] < pivot); do { j--; } while (arr[j] > pivot); if (i >= j) { return j; } swap(&arr[i], &arr[j]); } }
void quick_sort(int arr[], int low, int high) { if (low < high) { int pi = partition_lomuto(arr, low, high); quick_sort(arr, low, pi - 1); quick_sort(arr, pi + 1, high); } }
int median_of_three(int arr[], int low, int high) { int mid = low + (high - low) / 2; if (arr[mid] < arr[low]) { swap(&arr[mid], &arr[low]); } if (arr[high] < arr[low]) { swap(&arr[high], &arr[low]); } if (arr[high] < arr[mid]) { swap(&arr[high], &arr[mid]); } swap(&arr[mid], &arr[high]); return arr[high]; }
int partition_optimized(int arr[], int low, int high) { median_of_three(arr, low, high); int pivot = arr[high]; int i = low - 1; for (int j = low; j < high; j++) { if (arr[j] < pivot) { i++; swap(&arr[i], &arr[j]); } } swap(&arr[i + 1], &arr[high]); return i + 1; }
void quick_sort_optimized(int arr[], int low, int high) { if (high - low + 1 < 10) { insertion_sort_range(arr, low, high); return; } if (low < high) { int pi = partition_optimized(arr, low, high); quick_sort_optimized(arr, low, pi - 1); quick_sort_optimized(arr, pi + 1, high); } }
void insertion_sort_range(int arr[], int low, int high) { for (int i = low + 1; i <= high; i++) { int key = arr[i]; int j = i - 1; while (j >= low && arr[j] > key) { arr[j + 1] = arr[j]; j--; } arr[j + 1] = key; } }
void quick_sort_iterative(int arr[], int size) { int* stack = (int*)malloc(size * sizeof(int)); int top = -1; stack[++top] = 0; stack[++top] = size - 1; while (top >= 0) { int high = stack[top--]; int low = stack[top--]; int pi = partition_lomuto(arr, low, high); if (pi - 1 > low) { stack[++top] = low; stack[++top] = pi - 1; } if (pi + 1 < high) { stack[++top] = pi + 1; stack[++top] = high; } } free(stack); }
void quick_sort_3way(int arr[], int low, int high) { if (low >= high) return; int lt = low; int gt = high; int i = low + 1; int pivot = arr[low]; while (i <= gt) { if (arr[i] < pivot) { swap(&arr[lt++], &arr[i++]); } else if (arr[i] > pivot) { swap(&arr[i], &arr[gt--]); } else { i++; } } quick_sort_3way(arr, low, lt - 1); quick_sort_3way(arr, gt + 1, high); }
void print_array(int arr[], int size, const char* title) { printf("%s: ", title); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { printf("%d ", arr[i]); } printf("\n"); }
void test_quick_sort() { printf("=== 快速排序算法演示 ===\n\n"); int test_cases[][10] = { {64, 34, 25, 12, 22, 11, 90, 88, 76, 50}, {5, 2, 8, 6, 1, 9, 4, 0, 3, 7}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}, {9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0} }; const char* descriptions[] = { "随机数组", "普通数组", "重复元素数组", "逆序数组" }; for (int t = 0; t < 4; t++) { printf("%s:\n", descriptions[t]); int arr1[10], arr2[10], arr3[10]; memcpy(arr1, test_cases[t], sizeof(test_cases[t])); memcpy(arr2, test_cases[t], sizeof(test_cases[t])); memcpy(arr3, test_cases[t], sizeof(test_cases[t])); print_array(arr1, 10, "排序前"); quick_sort(arr1, 0, 9); print_array(arr1, 10, "基础快排"); quick_sort_iterative(arr2, 10); print_array(arr2, 10, "非递归快排"); quick_sort_3way(arr3, 0, 9); print_array(arr3, 10, "三路快排"); printf("\n"); } }
void performance_test() { printf("=== 性能测试 ===\n"); const int sizes[] = {1000, 10000, 100000}; const int num_sizes = sizeof(sizes) / sizeof(sizes[0]); for (int s = 0; s < num_sizes; s++) { int size = sizes[s]; int* arr = (int*)malloc(size * sizeof(int)); srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { arr[i] = rand() % 10000; } clock_t start = clock(); quick_sort(arr, 0, size - 1); clock_t end = clock(); double time_taken = ((double)(end - start)) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC; printf("数组大小: %d, 排序时间: %.6f 秒\n", size, time_taken); free(arr); } }
int main() { test_quick_sort(); performance_test(); return 0; }
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